Effects of fertilization on the growth, photosynthesis, and biomass accumulation in juvenile plants of three coffee (Coffea arabica L.) cultivars
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作者: | Z. X. Zhang | ||||||||
刊物名称: | Photosynthetica | ||||||||
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论文题目英文: | Effects of fertilization on the growth, photosynthesis, and biomass accumulation in juvenile plants of three coffee (Coffea arabica L.) cultivars | ||||||||
年: | 2016 | ||||||||
卷: | online | ||||||||
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联系作者: | C. T. Cai | ||||||||
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影响因子: | 1.409 | ||||||||
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摘要: | We carried out a field experiment in order to study effects of fertilization in juvenile plants of three coffee (Coffea arabica) cultivars in Yunnan, SW China. Fertilization treatments included a control without fertilizer (CK), combinations of three NPK fertilization rates [high fertilization (FH), medium fertilization (FM), and low fertilization (FL) with 135, 90, and 45 g per plant per year, respectively], and at two N:P2O5:K2O ratios (R1, 1:0.5:0.8; R2, 1:0.8:0.5). The growth in juvenile plants was not altered by fertilization, with two clear growth peaks being observed in both the height and stem growth rates (RGRs) throughout a year. Both FM and FH resulted in significantly higher RGRs in both height and stem diameter compared to FL and CK in all three cultivars. At the same fertilization rate, the leaf area, branch number, longest branch length, internode number, and biomass of R2were higher than those of R1, and P significantly affected the root biomass and root to shoot ratio. Compared to the FL treatment, both FM and FH treatments resulted in higher net photosynthetic rates and stomatal conductance across seasons, and in higher intrinsic water-use efficiency during the dry season and at the middle of the wet season. Photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency at R2was higher than at R1, but no significant differences were observed among the different fertilization rates. Among the three coffee cultivars, Caturra exhibited the highest height, stem diameter, longest branch length, and internode number. Our results indicated that the optimal N:P2O5:K2O ratio is 1:0.8:0.5 for the juvenile growth of coffee plants. Both FM and FH could help optimize the growth and photosynthetic rate of coffee plants, but FM is suitable for the ecological friendly agriculture and economic sustainability in coffee plantations. Additional key wordsbiomass Coffea arabica fertilization photosynthesis relative growth rate water-use efficiency | ||||||||
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